Internal Resistance of the Winston Battery Cells
Study the official document with the information about the internal resistance of the LiFeYPO4 cells produced by the Winston Battery.
Check the explanation of what the internal resistance is together with a demonstration test.
Battery Charging Guidelines as published by Sinopoly
The charging diagrams (in PDF file) show the steps of the charging process for the best state-of-art charging process.
Current Carrying Capacity of RADOX cables (up to 150*C)
The 35mm RADOX cable can carry upto 370Amp continually.
(Please compare with the standard currents per copper cables as defined by the German technical norm VDE 0298-4/2003.)
Winston Battery - cell dimensions
There are some changes in the dimensions of the LFP (LYP) cells as offered by Winston Battery. There is a difference in the sizes of several models against the previous models offered under the ThunderSky name.
Check the PDF file to see the differences in the dimensions. Download here.
100AH cell needs 0.66Ah to charge from 3.4V to 3.5V
Cell was held at 3.397V until the current was below 50mA before start of test. Initial current was 3.486A and ending current is 38mA. Amp-hours put into cell: 0.6588Ah. Source
A simple comparison if different lithium chemistries
Simply said it is a review of the past: the old chemistries LiCo and LiMn2 are being left for the LiFePO4. For example ThunderSky no longer produces the LiCo and LiMn2 cells, only LiFePO4 cells and batteries are produced with the yttrium enhancement - LiFeYPO4.
FAQ: Capacity of the LFP cells
Q: How does the capacity of the LFP cells changes depending on the speed of discharge (discharge rate)?
A: Unlike lead acid and nickel metal batteries the lithium iron batteries have the same performance under different discharging rates. The typical discharge rate for LiFePO4 is defined as 0.5C, which means discharging during 2 hours (C2). The above chart shows that the capacity of the LFP cell is nearly the same (95% to 105%) even under high-speed discharge 3C (battery discharged in 20 minutes (C0.33). (source)
Modification of LiFePO4… by doping yttrium was investigated. The influences of doping Y on structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of cathode materials were investigated systematically. For LiFePO4 … both the initial discharge capacities and the cyclic performance were improved by Y doping.
Thermocamera battery damage recognition
With the help of the thermocamera, the user damage of the battery can be recognized easily. In case of deep discharge (bellow 10V for LP batteries) and resulting internal damage, it is possible to see the thermal changes in the material composition of the internal cells.
Determining the thickness of the power cables for EV applications: The German technical norm VDE 0298-4/2003 gives the answer. Please see the summary in the table. Simply said: 2.5 mm2 can handle 30A, 10 mm2 can handle 60A, 25 mm2 can handle 120A, 50 mm2 is good up to 170A, and for 300A currents you should use 120 mm2 cables.
The material composition of the LiFeYPO4 battery technology by Thunder-Sky. The new yttrium technology replaces the previous LiFePO4 design.
Yttrium is found in most rare earth minerals, as well as some uranium ores, but is never found in nature as a free element. About 31 ppm (parts per million) of the Earth’s crust is yttrium making it the 28th most abundant element there, and 400 times more common than silver.
Yttrium has no known biological role, though it is found in most, if not all, organisms and tends to concentrate in the liver, kidney, spleen, lungs, and bones of humans.
Annual world production of yttrium oxide had reached 600 tonnes by 2001, with reserves estimated at 9 million tonnes. Only a few tonnes of yttrium metal are produced each year. Wikipedia
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